The Effect of Cocktail Formula Solution for Erector Spinae Plane Block on Postoperative Pain After Laparoscopic Major Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Single-Center Randomized Controlled Study.

J Pain Res · 2026 · PMC13005208 · PMID 41868288

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showed a trendno p-value reported

In the remaining time periods, the experimental group showed a trend of being lower than the control group, but no statistically significant differences were detected.

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