Vaping induces a marked pro-inflammatory state within the lung, which is at least partially due to its immunomodulatory effects.

Front Immunol · 2026 · PMC13008690 · PMID 41884815

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0500

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.0500

boldest claim

The sentences

slightly significantp<0.05actually significant

This result in PMN-MDSC was in contrast to M-MDSC cell numbers, where mice that were vaped and challenged with LPS had a slightly significant (p<0.05) lower levels of M-MDSC compared to mice that only received the LPS challenge.

also in 1,762 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.