Examining macro and micronutrient intakes in the Sri Lankan twin cohort: validation of subjective biomarkers from the COTASS-3 study.

Although serum β -carotene was not significantly associated with vitamin A intake ( p = 0.065), this borderline value indicates a possible trend that may achieve significance with a larger sample size or more precise dietary assessment.

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Although the association between serum beta-carotene and vitamin A intake did not reach statistical significance, serum zeaxanthin levels showed a significant association, suggesting differential absorption or metabolism of individual carotenoids.

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