Inversion of kiwifruit canopy nitrogen using UAV multispectral technology and ensemble learning.

The correlation analysis results showed the following: (1) Among single-band features, the GREEN band exhibited a highly significant correlation with nitrogen content (p< 0.01) with an absolute correlation coefficient |r| > 0.7; the NIR band showed a significant correlation with nitrogen content (p ≤ 0.05) with |r| > 0.6; (2) Among vegetation indices, NDVI, RVI, DVI, NDWI, and CARI displayed highly significant correlations with nitrogen content (p< 0.01, |r| > 0.7); GNDVI, RDVI, MSR, and MTCI showed significant correlations with nitrogen content (p ≤ 0.05, |r| > 0.6); (3) The correlations between the remaining spectral variables and nitrogen content did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). 3.2.

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, RVI, DVI, NDWI, and CARI displayed highly significant correlations with nitrogen content (p< 0.01, |r| > 0.7); GNDVI, RDVI, MSR, and MTCI showed significant correlations with nitrogen content (p ≤ 0.05, |r| > 0.6); (3) The correlations between the remaining spectral variables and nitrogen content did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). 3.2.

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