Impact of selected second and third generation antipsychotics on cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Int Clin Psychopharmacol · 2026 · PMC13015811 · PMID 41191868

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0770

closest p · 1.5× alpha

0.0770

boldest claim

The sentences

a marginal trendP = 0.077so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

A marginal trend was observed for the inconsistency component ( Q _inc = 12.81, df = 7, P = 0.077), though this did not reach statistical significance.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Overall, cognitive improvement was numerically greater with XAN than with placebo, though the difference did not reach statistical significance; however, among patients with more severe cognitive impairment, XAN led to a significantly greater improvement compared to placebo.

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narrowly missed statistical significanceno p-value reported

CAR showed a modest advantage (SMD = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.00–0.40), which narrowly missed statistical significance (Fig. 7 ).

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