Comparative Effectiveness of Chlorhexidine-Alcohol and Povidone-Iodine in Preventing Surgical Site Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cureus · 2026 · PMC13033212 · PMID 41913876

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

a nonsignificant trendno p-value reported

A nonsignificant trend favoring CHG-A was observed in clean-contaminated procedures and for deep SSIs, suggesting a context-dependent effect that warrants targeted investigation.

also in 5,406 other papers

did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

However, as formal interaction testing was not performed and the subgroup differences did not reach statistical significance, these findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating rather than confirmatory.

also in 111,027 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.