The Role of Digital Biomarkers in Physiological Signal-Based Depression Assessment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

J Med Internet Res · 2026 · PMC13046098 · PMID 41926632

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

an increasing trendno p-value reported

Overall, the LF/HF ratio may show an increasing trend with depression but requires further validation as a reliable biomarker.

also in 63,971 other papers

did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Relative amplitude was generally lower in individuals with depression, suggesting flatter activity cycles, although these findings often did not reach statistical significance [ 97 , 99 , 100 , 117 ].

also in 111,027 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.