Pain and sociodemographic factors as moderating roles in the relationship between postoperative nausea-vomiting and recovery quality: A process macro modeling study from a nursing perspective on laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.

(Accepted) In this study, the direct effect of income level on quality of recovery was found to be positive but marginally significant, suggesting that income alone may have a limited yet noteworthy influence on patients’ perceptions of recovery quality.

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In the initial stage, t -values for each item were examined, and six items that did not reach statistical significance ( t < 1.96) were removed from the model.

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