Effects of respiratory muscle training on swimming performance, respiratory muscle function, and pulmonary function of competitive swimmers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Front Physiol · 2026 · PMC13046513 · PMID 41940023

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Specifically, combined RMT yielded a large and significant improvement (SMD = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.38 to 1.17), whereas IMT alone did not reach statistical significance (SMD = 0.19; 95% CI: -0.17 to 0.55).

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