Barely Significant
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Ursodeoxycholic acid inhibits pneumonia caused by PRCV through the activation of TLR4-IRF3 mediated type Ⅰ interferon pathway.

Vet Res · 2026 · PMC13059274 · PMID 41772724

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hedged sentences
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closest p · 0.0× alpha
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boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantP < 0.001actually significant
By the general criteria of statistical field, the differences are considered to be statistically significant at P < 0.05, when P > 0.05, it is considered that there is no statistically significant difference between groups, by “ns”; when P < 0.05, there is a statistically significant difference between groups, indicated by (*); P < 0.01 indicates highly significant intergroup difference, indicated by (**); and P < 0.001 is an extremely significant difference, marked with (***).

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an increasing trendno p-value reported
An increasing trend of IFN-β expression was observed in the post-PRCV-infection + UDCA-treated group (Figure 5 A).

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Furthermore, TLR4 expression was increased in the UDCA-treated group, but this increase did not reach statistical significance.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.