Many but not all pathogen-associated molecular patterns aggravate neurogenic heterotopic ossification after spinal cord injury.

Quantification of mineralization demonstrated a trend of increased mineralization in hFAPs cultured with Pam2CSK4 but this did not reach statistical significance (Fig. 5 A), however increasing concentrations of Pam3CSK4 and Zymosan significantly enhanced hFAPs mineralization compared to the controls (Fig. 5 A). hFAPs cultured with Pam3CSK4 also significantly increased the expression of RUNX2 mRNA (Fig. 5 B).

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