Systematic Engineering of Proteases in Saccharopolyspora Spinosa Reveals Synergistic Enhancement of Spinosad Biosynthesis via Substrate Flux Optimization.

As shown in Figure 4a , although the expression of a few genes did not reach statistical significance in certain strains, the overall transcriptional landscape showed consistent upregulation of the most critical spn pathway genes across the eight engineered strains, reflecting pathway‐wide, coordinated activation under the engineering interventions.

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