Enhanced surface water-energy coupling on the Tibetan Plateau over the past six decades (1960-2020).

[ 35 ] showed a positive trend since 2000, Ma and Zhang [ 15 ] showed a negligible negative trend since 2000, but more studies presented a decline in ET (see Table 1 in [ 34 ]).

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ERA5 shows a strong decrease in precipitation before the 1980s, but such a strong trend is not observed at the stations.

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It can be seen that most of the stations see an increasing trend, and in the north the EF has increased more.

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That is, ERA5 shows a decreasing trend before the 1980s with the maximum occurring in 1960s, but this decreasing trend is not seen in the EF derived from the station data.

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