Factors Associated with Reduced Clinical Response in Adult ADHD: The Role of Alcohol and Cannabis Use Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorder.

When family history of neurodevelopmental disorders was examined in a separate sensitivity model, it showed a positive trend that did not reach conventional statistical significance (OR = 4.991, 95% CI 0.940–26.488, p = 0.059), while the associations for AUD (OR = 0.089, 95% CI 0.012–0.655, p = 0.017) and CUD (OR = 0.217, 95% CI 0.060–0.777, p = 0.019) remained broadly stable.

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Conclusions: In adults with ADHD treated in routine clinical practice, alcohol and cannabis use disorders were associated with a reduced likelihood of achieving clinically meaningful improvement under routine pharmacological care, whereas autism spectrum disorder showed a trend toward lower response that was not stable enough to support firm conclusions.

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