Barely Significant
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Dietary Protocols to Promote and Improve Restful Sleep: A Narrative Review.

Nutr Rev · 2026 · PMC13075487 · PMID 40418260

Europe PMCDOI
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a positive trendno p-value reported
did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported
A positive trend in daytime functioning was observed upon chamomile consumption, though it did not reach statistical significance. 142 By contrast, 2 methodologically identical studies in 77 elderly hospitalized individuals with a mean age of 74.3 ± 10.6 years, 143 and 110 postmenopausal women aged 50-60 years, 144 found that 400 mg of chamomile extract twice a day for 4 weeks significantly improved PSQI sleep scores following treatment (from 8.8 ± 4.3 to 5.0 ± 3.7, P < .001, and from 13.68 ± 1.68 to 9.07 ± 1.53, P = .001, respectively) compared to placebo.

also in 11,005 other papers

a nonsignificant trendno p-value reported
Results indicated that total sleep time and sleep efficiency were significantly higher in children consuming L-theanine compared to those receiving placebo, alongside a nonsignificant trend in WASO.

also in 5,406 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.