Equivalence of neoadjuvant and perioperative therapies in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

First, the analysis of the Stage IIIA–IIIB subgroup was primarily driven by a single trial, resulting in a significant sample size imbalance between the neoadjuvant (n=88) and perioperative (n=406) arms; consequently, the borderline significance (P=0.05) should be interpreted with caution as an exploratory trend.

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However, in a direct head-to-head comparison, the survival benefit of neoadjuvant therapy over perioperative therapy did not reach statistical significance (RMST difference =0.95 months; 95% CI: −3.77 to 5.67; P=0.69) ( Figure 2E ).

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