Sleep characteristics and cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder: age-specific associations.

Front Psychiatry · 2026 · PMC13077464 · PMID 41987817

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0620

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.1460

boldest claim

The sentences

a trend towards significancep=0.062so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

This group of patients also reported greater difficulty waking up at their usual time (2.25 ± 1.68 vs 1.62 ± 1.16), with a trend towards significance (p=0.062).

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did not reach statistical significancep=0.146not close (p > 0.1)

Although the prevalence of insomnia in those aged 50 and older was twice as high in patients without or with mild impairment compared to those with moderate to severe impairment, the difference did not reach statistical significance (25% vs. 12,2%; χ2=2.113; p=0.146).

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