Exploratory metabolomic profiling in migraine with PFO reveals dysregulated pathways and highlights indoleacrylic acid.

iScience · 2026 · PMC13098509 · PMID 42023154

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nominally significantno p-value reported

Correlation between differential metabolites and clinical migraine symptoms Spearman correlation analysis of 211 DEMs identified 32 venous plasma metabolites showing nominally significant associations with migraine severity metrics (VAS, VRS, or HIT-6) within the PFO-M cohort.

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borderline significanceno p-value reported

KEGG pathway enrichment based on total differentially expressed metabolites identified six significantly dysregulated pathways after FDR correction (q < 0.1), with an additional seven pathways showing borderline significance (0.1 ≤ q < 0.2).

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