Participants from higher socioeconomic status were significantly more likely to have adequate health literacy (OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.13-0.55; P < 0.001), with the association nearing significance in the adjusted model (AOR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.16-1.01; P = 0.05), indicating a potential protective effect.
Participants whose fathers had completed more than high school education had higher odds of adequate health literacy (OR = 3.82; 95% CI: 1.94-7.51; P < 0.001), and this association remained marginally significant after adjustment (AOR = 2.72; 95% CI: 0.99-7.42; P = 0.05).
In contrast, among those with adequate health literacy, 44.4% of fathers were graduates, indicating a clear trend toward better outcomes with higher paternal education.