A comparative study of one-step vs. two-step approach in the treatment of pediatric gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones.

In this study, the hospitalization costs in the one-step group were lower than those in the two-step group, although the difference did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.171), and the reduction in hospitalization time could lower the cost of family caregiving and indirect economic losses while decreasing hospital bed occupancy, thus optimizing healthcare resource allocation ( 14 , 15 ).

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