Secretory VSMC-derived THBS1 promotes macrophage M1 polarization and inflammation in intracranial aneurysms via the CD47/NF-κB axis.

Front Immunol · 2026 · PMC13106420 · PMID 42039168

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Differential analysis showed a trend toward increased infiltration of M1-like macrophages, activated CD4 memory T cells, memory B cells, and resting CD4 memory T cells, while M0-like macrophage infiltration was significantly decreased ( Figure 4b ).

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