Ginkgo Biloba for Alzheimer's Disease: From Mixed Dementia Trials to Biomarker-Confirmed Mild Cognitive Impairment-What Have We Learned over Two Decades, and Is There Finally a Bit of Hope?

Brain Sci · 2026 · PMC13114922 · PMID 42041838

Europe PMC DOI

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closest p · 1.6× alpha

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boldest claim

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.08so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

A widely cited systematic review/meta-analysis in BMC Geriatrics reported a pooled cognitive effect favoring Ginkgo over placebo (SMD −0.58, 95% CI −1.14 to −0.01, p = 0.04), whereas the pooled effect on activities of daily living did not reach statistical significance (SMD −0.32, 95% CI −0.66 to 0.03, p = 0.08), while heterogeneity across trials remained substantial [ 23 ].

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