Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Use in Post-Infarction Ventricular Septal Rupture: The Impact of Timing Relative to Cardiogenic Shock.

Although the 2023 ESC guidelines recommend that IABP use should be considered in patients with CS or hemodynamic instability due to mechanical complications (Class IIa, Level of Evidence C) [ 10 ], our findings suggest that once CS has developed, IABP support alone may be insufficient to rescue critically ill CS patients, as the observed numerical survival advantage did not reach statistical significance.

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