Digital and immersive approaches to anatomy education: a pilot comparative study of CI, VR, and hybrid learning in implant planning.

BMC Med Educ · 2026 · PMC13122969 · PMID 41851869

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0780

closest p · 1.6× alpha

0.0780

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.078so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The VR group demonstrated a smaller increase in Knowledge (1.86 → 2.29; +23.12%), which did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.078); however, the effect size was moderate–large (Hedges’ g = 0.71).

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