Predicting tumor progression in non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas following transnasal transsphenoidal resection: insights from a single-center retrospective cohort study.

In the STR cohort subset with available Ki-67 and p53 ( n = 39; events = 11), multivariable logistic regression showed that preoperative tumor volume remained associated with progression (OR 1.148 per 1 cm 3 , 95% CI 1.016–1.298; p = 0.0269), whereas Ki-67 and p53 did not reach statistical significance and had wide confidence intervals ( Supplementary Table S7 ).

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