Genetically Predicted Serum miRNAs as Potential Causal Drivers of Atopic Dermatitis: Evidence from Large-Scale GWAS and Clinical Validation.

miR-125a-5p showed a highly significant association, with a genetically predicted increase in expression associated with a 26% reduction in AD risk (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.64–0.87, P=2.05e−4).

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For instance, the MR-Egger regression for miR-181b-5p (β=−0.287, P=0.051) and miR-125a-5p (β=−0.245, P=0.084) approached marginal significance but did not cross the threshold, further supporting the lack of a robust reverse causal link.

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While other miRNAs, such as hsa-miR-181b-5p, showed discernible trends of altered expression, they did not reach statistical significance, possibly due to the limited sample size and biological heterogeneity between cohorts.

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