Opioid-Sparing Multimodal Analgesia versus Standard Analgesia in Hip Fracture Surgery: A Prospective Study.

At 2 h, pain scores were 3.2 ± 0.9 in the multimodal group versus 4.8 ± 1.1 in the standard group; at 24 h, 2.2 ± 0.6 versus 3.4 ± 0.8; and at 48 h, 1.9 ± 0.5 versus 2.9 ± 0.7, all showing highly significant differences (P < 0.001).

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Respiratory depression occurred in 3 patients (12%) in Group S and none in Group M, although this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.07) ( Fig. 2 ).

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