Association of SPISE with prevalent and incident MASLD: a two-stage population-based study and development of a risk prediction model.

Using T1 as the reference, the fully adjusted HRs were 0.23 (95% CI 0.19–0.27) for T2 and 0.04 (95% CI 0.02–0.07), with a significant trend across categories ( p for trend < 0.001) ( Table 4 ). 3.5 Nonlinear exposure–response pattern for SPISE and MASLD risk Restricted cubic spline analyses indicated a significant nonlinear association between SPISE and incident MASLD risk (overall p < 0.001; p for non-linear < 0.001).

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