Evaluation of multiple freeze-thaw cycles on growth factor and cytokine stability in canine platelet lysate: PDGF, TGF-<i>β</i>, and TNF-<i>α</i> preservation across cycles.

For PDGF ( Figure 2 ) and TNF- α ( Figure 4 ), the freeze–thaw effect was not significant ( p = 0.283, p = 0.401), while the differences between PL samples were highly significant ( p < 0.001, p < 0.001).

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PDGF levels were lower in canine PL in this study, with mean values ranging from 321 to 402 pg./mL across cycles and showed a trend toward a decrease after 10 freeze–thaw cycles.

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