Clinical application of HMGB1-TLR4 signaling pathway-mediated neuroinflammatory markers in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome.

Front Immunol · 2026 · PMC13175835 · PMID 42148092

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In our clinical cohort, peripheral IL-1β levels did not reach statistical significance, which may be attributed to the use of peripheral blood rather than central nervous system tissue.

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