Effects of Background Music and Multimedia Exposure on Patient-Reported Anxiety in Ophthalmology Waiting Rooms: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Clin Ophthalmol · 2026 · PMC13180329 · PMID 42153210

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

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boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep =0.060so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

For perceived helpfulness, Multimedia achieved a mean score of (7.20 ± 2.41) compared with (6.03 ± 1.99) in the Music Only group, though this difference did not reach statistical significance ( p =0.060).

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