Temperature Variability and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The China Pulmonary Health Study.

Moreover, the associations and exposure–response relationship between TV and lung function parameters before bronchodilation showed a trend similar to that after bronchodilation ( Table S3 and Figure S7 ), and the most pronounced declines were also observed in small-airway flow parameters. 3.3 Mediation Analysis Mediation effects were observed through anxiety and depression scores, accounting for 8.70% (95% CI: 0.02, 17.38) and 9.55% (95% CI: 0.01, 19.09) of the association between temperature variability exposure and COPD, respectively ( Table S6 ).

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Most studies have examined the short-term impacts of temperature variability on COPD-related mortality or hospital admissions; , − however, recent studies have shown a decreasing trend in short-term temperature fluctuations, while long-term variability is increasing, suggesting that chronic exposure to temperature variability may pose greater challenges to human health.

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