Risk factors, predictive biomarkers, and microbial profile of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients: a retrospective cohort Study.

BMC Pulm Med · 2026 · PMC13188525 · PMID 41965585

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0800

closest p · 1.6× alpha

0.0800

boldest claim

The sentences

a nonsignificant trendp = 0.08so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

12.5%, p = 0.887), with a nonsignificant trend toward lower COPD among VAP patients (17.4% vs. 29.3%; p = 0.08).

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Although VAP was associated with higher odds of ICU mortality, this association did not reach statistical significance and should therefore be interpreted cautiously.

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