The association between family capital and physical exercise among young and middle-aged adults: the potential mediating pathway of intergenerational transmission of education.

Although gender differences did not reach statistical significance, the coefficient for cultural capital is higher in the female subsample, this trend has been corroborated by empirical studies in China: the higher a mother’s level of education, the longer and more frequent her children’s physical activity ( 51 ), and mothers with greater educational attainment are more likely to promote children’s exercise by fostering closer family relationships ( 52 ), generating a stronger intergenerational transmission effect of cultural capital ( 32 ).

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These coefficients are not only highly significant statistically but also substantively meaningful, aligning closely with Bourdieu’s notion of habitus formation ( 35 ).

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