Does supervision matter? A randomized controlled study of laparoscopic simulator training in undergraduate education.

The mean difference was −45 s, with a 95% CI ranging from −108 to +18 s, indicating that the estimate was imprecise and did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.108). 3.3 Secondary outcomes 3.3.1 Perceived difficulty and training experience Participants in the group randomised to supervised training reported significantly lower perceived difficulty after training compared to pre-training (4.1 vs 3.5; p = 0.049), whereas this was not the case in the independent group ( Table 3 ).

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