Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis unveils a potential genetic association between rheumatic diseases and the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Medicine (Baltimore) · 2026 · PMC13200970 · PMID 42175437

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

After removal of outliers, the forward MR analysis showed a potential causal effect of RA on IPF using inverse-variance weighting (odds ratio [OR] = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09–1.42) and weighted median methods (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.04–1.55), while MR-Egger and weighted mode analyses did not reach statistical significance.

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