highly significantp < 0.001
Statistical analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test revealed a highly significant difference among treatments (χ 2 (4) = 77.7, p < 0.001) ( Figure 4 ).
Statistical analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test revealed a highly significant difference among treatments (χ 2 (4) = 77.7, p < 0.001) ( Figure 4 ).
Importantly, in planta assays demonstrated that both Phi1 and Phi3 effectively suppressed black rot disease, with a trend toward enhanced efficacy when applied in combination, although the increase did not reach statistical significance.