Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Potential Pathways Underlying Onion-Mediated Regulation of Spleen Immune Function in Liangshan Black Sheep.

Protein Extraction, Quantification, and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Based on the serum immune factor determinations ( Section 2.6 ), spleen tissue specimens from animals exhibiting highly significant inter-group differences in immune indicators ( p < 0.01) were selected for proteomic analysis ( n = 5 per group).

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As demonstrated in Table 1 , the levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and complement 3 (C3) in the serum of Liangshan Black Sheep in the experimental group were all numerically elevated relative to those in the control group, but these differences did not reach statistical significance ( p > 0.05).

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