Barely Significant
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Effects of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> Strain Plasma (LC-Plasma) Intake on Infection-Related Symptoms Among Healthcare Workers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Trop Med Infect Dis · 2026 · PMC13211751 · PMID 42188850

3
hedged sentences
0.0950
closest p · 1.9× alpha
0.0950
boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.095so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)
However, only MxA showed a trend toward higher expression ( p = 0.095) ( Figure 5 ). 4.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported
Although it was reported that direct LC-Plasma stimulation of pDCs led to a significant increase in IFN-α in vitro [ 14 ], there was no significant difference in total plasma IFN-α levels between groups in this study, despite an increasing trend in IFN-α in the LC-Plasma group following CpG stimulation of PBMCs.

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tendency toward significanceno p-value reported
A p -value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, while p -values < 0.1 indicated a tendency toward significance. 3.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.