Physical activity, chronic disease, depression, and health-related quality of life among Chinese older adults: a two-wave longitudinal panel study before and during COVID-19.

Front Public Health · 2026 · PMC13212170 · PMID 42211711

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

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closest p · 1.2× alpha

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boldest claim

The sentences

approached significancep = 0.060so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

For moderate-intensity PA, scores rose from M = 8.387 to M = 9.284 among participants and from M = 8.905 to M = 9.442 among non-participants, with significant main effects of PA ( F = 12.541, p < 0.001, ES = 0.001) and year ( F = 56.420, p < 0.001, ES = 0.003); the PA × year interaction approached significance ( F = 3.533, p = 0.060).

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