The effectiveness of intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in preventing anastomotic leakage after minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Front Med (Lausanne) · 2026 · PMC13213865 · PMID 42210944

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0700

closest p · 1.4× alpha

0.1400

boldest claim

The sentences

a favorable trendp = 0.07so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

A favorable trend toward reduced postoperative pneumonia incidence was observed (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.39 to 1.03; p = 0.07).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.14not close (p > 0.1)

The results showed a tendency toward reduced intraoperative blood loss with ICG fluorescence imaging; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance (MD = −9.18, 95% CI: −21.35 to 2.99; p = 0.14), as illustrated in Figure 2B .

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