Preparation and bioactivity of probiotic-fermented lotus seed and lily bulb beverage.

Plugging the absorbance values of NO from each experimental group into the standard curve yields results as shown in Figure 5C , indicating that the lotus and lily fermentation solution can reduce the NO content in cells, particularly at a concentration of 10%, where the effect is significant and shows a highly significant difference ( P < 0.001). 6 Study on the antioxidant activity of fermented products to HACAT cell model in vitro 6.1 Effect of lotus seed and lily fermented liquid on HACAT cell activity The MTT method was used to determine the viability of HACAT cells at different concentrations of lotus and lily fermentation broth, as shown in Figure 6A .

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All experimental groups exhibited a decreasing trend in melanin content within B16-F10 cells compared to the control group ( Figure 7C ). 7 Study on biological activity of lotus seed and lily fermented liquid 7.1 Determination of safe concentration of lotus seed lily fermentation solution According to Figure 8A , the survival rate of zebrafish embryos in the lotus lily fermentation broth at concentrations ranging from 1.25 to 40% gradually decreases, with a survival rate of zero at 40%, and over 50% at concentrations below 20%.

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Therefore, we determined the concentration range of 0.625–10% ( Figure 7A ), within which the lotus seed lily fermentation broth not only did not significantly affect cell viability but also showed a trend of inhibiting the proliferation of B16-F10 melanoma cells. 6.3.2 Effect of lotus seed lily fermentation on tyrosinase activity in B16-F10 cells The experimental results show that the lotus and lily fermented solution, with gradually increasing concentration, significantly enhances the inhibition rate of tyrosinase in B16-F10 cells, as shown in Figure 7B .

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