The optimal exercise for improving inhibitory control in children and adolescents with NDDs: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Front Psychiatry · 2026 · PMC13230061 · PMID 42245207

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Based on direct evidence from 45 RCTs, both single-modality aerobic exercise (SMD = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.15–1.26) and mind-body exercise (SMD = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.19–1.42) were significantly superior to conventional control groups; other exercise types (cycling, coordination training, ball sports, martial arts and combined exercise) did not reach statistical significance when compared with control groups.

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