The role of vocabulary concreteness in modulating embodied semantic representations in learners of Chinese as a foreign language.

Front Psychol · 2026 · PMC13230188 · PMID 42245567

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0560

closest p · 1.1× alpha

0.0560

boldest claim

The sentences

approached significancep = 0.056so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The main effect of emotional valence approached significance [ β = 0.107, t = 1.913, p = 0.056, 95% CI = (−0.003, 0.217)], suggesting a marginal tendency for reaction times to differ between positive and negative words.

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