Polygala oligosaccharide esters improve memory disorder by restoring gut microbiota homeostasis through the regulation of the "gut-brain" axis.

Notably, compared with the model group, the intestinal microbiota structure of the OEH group showed a trend towards convergence with that of the control group.

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These data indicate that, following the induction of MD, the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota increased, with a decreasing trend observed after OEH treatment (Fig. 4 d–g).

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