Racial and Socioeconomic Differences in Real-World Use of Biologic Therapy for Asthma.

J Asthma Allergy · 2026 · PMC13248965 · PMID 42273186

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.1830

closest p · 3.7× alpha

0.1910

boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp =0.183not close (p > 0.1)

Black or African American/Other patients showed a trend towards lower PDC (estimate 0.65, p =0.183) and higher gap days (estimate 1.53, p =0.193) compared to the White patients, but these differences were not statistically significant.

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a slight trendp =0.191not close (p > 0.1)

For every 0.1 increase in the deprivation index, there was a slight trend towards lower PDC (estimate 0.84, p =0.191) and higher gap days (estimate 1.19, p =0.189), but again, not statistically significant.

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a possible trendno p-value reported

Conclusion Although not statistically significant, our findings suggest a possible trend where Black or African American/Other patients had lower ppFEV1 at the time of biologic initiation, indicating an opportunity for earlier interventions.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.