Plasma hippuric acid as a marker of frailty influenced by dietary fruit and vegetable consumption: longitudinal analysis in Italian cohorts of older adults.

In cross-sectional analyses at the 2018 follow-up of the InveCe.Ab population, the indirect effect of Fruit–Veg consumption on FI through plasma hippuric acid did not reach statistical significance (mean indirect effect = −0.00099; 95% CI: −0.00271–0.00014; p = 0.092), with an estimated mediated proportion of 6.3% (Supplementary Fig. 2A ).

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