highly significantP < 0.00001
There was no heterogeneity (I 2 = 0%), and the results were highly significant ( Z = 5.03, P < 0.00001). 3.5.5.
There was no heterogeneity (I 2 = 0%), and the results were highly significant ( Z = 5.03, P < 0.00001). 3.5.5.
In contrast, exercise-only interventions showed a positive trend but did not achieve statistical significance (MD = 18.19 m, 95%CI:−1.71 to 38.09; P = 0.07).
The point estimates at 4 months (MD = 23.58 m, 95% CI: −2.38 to 49.53) and ≥12 months (MD = 34.05 m, 95%CI: −7.95 to 76.04) also favored CR but did not reach statistical significance, likely due to wider confidence intervals from smaller sample sizes in these subgroups.