Pathological Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Literature Overview.

Cancers (Basel) · 2026 · PMC13255888 · PMID 42279302

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0550

closest p · 1.1× alpha

0.0550

boldest claim

The sentences

a significant trendp = 0.055so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

In the follow-up assessment, a significant trend in the final OS study was observed: 5-year OS was 73.5% vs. 62.9%, and the conclusion for the OS result was p = 0.055 [ 35 ].

also in 9,775 other papers

a positive trendno p-value reported

A positive trend toward a decrease in breast cancer mortality is noted in the most developed countries [ 2 ].

also in 11,005 other papers

marginal significanceno p-value reported

However, a systematic Cochrane review that included two trials combining PD-1 inhibitors and five trials combining PD-L1 inhibitors, with a total of 4341 participants, demonstrated that combining checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy before breast cancer surgery improves pathological response, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS) in early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), while having marginal significance in the adjuvant setting [ 62 ].

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.