Optimization and Performance of Sustainable Mortar Incorporating High-Volume Alkali Bypass Dust: A Synergistic Approach Using Silica Fume and Water Reducer.

The compressive strength results, presented in Figure 1 a–c, demonstrate a clear trend: the incorporation of ABD as a cement replacement led to a reduction in compressive strength monotonically with increasing ABD replacement levels (0% to 50%) across all ages (3, 7, and 28 days).

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